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目的:研究非洲民间药物——茜草科植物阔叶乌檀Nauclea latifolia Smith的化学成分。方法:采用硅胶、Sepha-dex LH-20柱色谱等方法分离化合物,根据波谱数据和理化常数确定其结构。结果:从阔叶乌檀甲醇提取物中分离得到12个非生物碱类化合物,其中8个为三萜及其皂苷类,即24-烯-环阿尔廷酮(1),熊果醛(2),奎诺酸(3),铁冬青酸(4),3β,19α,23,24-四羟基乌苏烷三萜(5),pyrocincholic acid 3β-O-β-D-fucopyranoside(6),quinovic acid 3β-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(7),quinovicacid-3β-O-D-glucopyranosyl-(28→1)-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester(8);甾醇类4个,即β-谷甾醇(9),豆甾-3,6-二酮(10),豆甾-4-烯-6β-醇-3-酮(11),胡萝卜苷(12)。结论:除化合物4,9,12外,所有化合物均首次从该植物中分离得到,其中化合物2,6,10,11为首次从乌檀属中分离得到。
OBJECTIVE: To study the chemical constituents of Nauclea latifolia Smith, an African folk medicine - Rubiaceae. Methods: The compounds were isolated by silica gel and Sephadex dextran LH-20 column chromatography and their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral data and physico-chemical constants. Results: Twelve non-alkaloid compounds were isolated from the methanolic extracts of Radix Elaeoca, of which eight were triterpenoids and their saponins, namely 24-ene-altenone (1), arbutin (4), 3β, 19α, 23,24-tetrahydroxy ursane triterpene (5), pyrocincholic acid 3β-O-β-D-fucopyranoside quinovic acid 3β-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7), quinovic acid-3β-OD-glucopyranosyl- 9), stigmasteride-3,6-dione (10), stigmaster-4-ene-6β-ol-3-one (11), daucosteride (12) CONCLUSION: All compounds except compound 4, 9 and 12 were isolated from this plant for the first time. Among them, compounds 2, 6, 10 and 11 were isolated from the genus Udonis for the first time.