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浩瀚的海洋总面积为3.6亿平方公里,占地球面积的71％;海水的体积为13.7亿立方公里,占地球总水体的97.2％;海洋的平均水深达3680米。广阔的海洋,不但是生命的摇篮、风雨的故乡、交通大道、国家门户、军事要地、科学奥秘的渊薮,而且是天然的资源宝库,蕴藏着极其丰富的生物资源、化学资源、矿产资源和动力资源。在陆地资源不足,特别是能源紧张的情况下,开发富饶的海洋资源自然成为重要方向。海洋,是人类今后扩大活动范围,大可利用的场所。为此,海洋的利用问题就越来越成为许多国家关心的重大课题,而加强了对海洋进行研究。
The vast ocean covers an area of 360 million square kilometers, accounting for 71% of the earth’s surface. The volume of seawater is 1.37 billion cubic kilometers, accounting for 97.2% of the total Earth’s water volume. The average depth of the ocean reaches 3680 meters. The vast ocean is not only the cradle of life, the hometown of wind and rain, the road to traffic, the gateway to the country, the main military area, and the mystery of science, but also a treasure trove of natural resources. It contains extremely rich biological resources, chemical resources, mineral resources and Power resources. In the absence of land resources, especially in the case of energy shortages, the development of affluent marine resources has naturally become an important direction. Ocean is the place where human beings can expand the scope of their activities in the future. For this reason, the issue of the utilization of the oceans has increasingly become a major issue of concern to many countries and the study of the oceans has been strengthened.