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以1977、1990、2000及2005年遥感影像为信息源,利用RS、GIS技术及景观格局分析软件,对鄂尔多斯特有种四合木分布区景观格局的时空变化进行分析。结果表明:在景观水平上,28年来研究区景观格局趋于破碎,景观结构更加复杂并向异质化发展;各生境中,以石嘴山、桃司兔、千里山与乌达种群的景观格局较为破碎,景观构成向多样性与复杂化发展,乌家庙、棋盘井与海南种群中景观受损程度相对较小,景观中有连通度极高的优势斑块类型存在;各景观中,四合木是研究区的基质景观,但其优势地位不断下降,空间分布趋于分散,而工矿及城镇用地、耕地与林地、沙地、其他植被则大幅增长、连片延续发展,在景观中的影响程度逐渐加大。工矿发展和城市化进程以及不合理的土地利用方式引起的土地沙化是四合木减少及其分布区景观格局变化的直接原因。
Using the remote sensing images of 1977, 1990, 2000 and 2005 as the information sources, the temporal and spatial changes of the landscape pattern of the endemic Sihemu region in Ordos were analyzed by RS, GIS and landscape pattern analysis software. The results showed that at the landscape level, the landscape pattern in the study area tended to be broken in 28 years and the landscape structure was more complex and developed to heterogeneity. In each habitat, the landscape pattern of Shizuishan, Peach Si, Fragmentation and landscape composition to the development of diversity and complexity. The landscape damage degree in Wujiamiao, Qipanjing and Hainan populations is relatively small, and the dominant types of patches with high connectivity in the landscape exist. In each landscape, Wood is the matrix landscape of the study area, but its dominant position declines continuously and its spatial distribution tends to be scattered. However, the industrial, mining and urban land, cultivated land and forest land, sandy land and other vegetation have increased substantially. Gradually increase the degree. The process of industrial and mining development and urbanization and the desertification caused by irrational land use are the direct reasons for the decrease of Sihemu and the change of landscape pattern in its distribution area.