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以重庆市万州区甘宁镇中屯、牌楼村柑橘园建设为例,通过对水稻田改种柑橘的立地条件(土壤层次、土壤养分、土壤厚度)及柑橘根系分布状况的调查分析,提出了水稻田改种柑橘的田块改造工程设计方案。结果表明:研究区土地利用类型以水田为主,坡度较为平缓,宜采用开沟做畦法,开挖柑橘定植的定植沟宽、深分别为0.4m和1.6m,每隔8m修建1条排水沟,2条排水沟之间开挖箱沟1条,筑垄畦时,将开沟土壤及表层土壤回填放于柑橘定植的周围,形成0.4m高的畦,使有效土层厚度达到0.8m;三峡库区水稻田改种柑橘的田块改造工程设计应结合当地坡度、土壤性质及柑橘根系分布状况综合分析,合理确定柑橘种植田块改造的各项参数。
Taking the construction of Zhongtun and Pailou Village citrus groves in Ganning Town, Wanzhou District, Chongqing Municipality as an example, this paper proposed the investigation on the site conditions (soil layer, soil nutrients, soil thickness) and citrus root distribution of citrus Paddy Field Replanting Citrus Field Improvement Project Design Scheme. The results showed that the paddy field was the main land-use type in the study area, and the gradient was relatively gentle. It is advisable to use the method of ditching and furrowing to excavate the colonization ditches of citrus planting depths of 0.4m and 1.6m respectively and to construct one drainage every 8m Ditch, between the two drainage ditches 1 ditching trench, building ridge, the ditches of soil and surface soil backfill placed citrus colonies around the formation of 0.4m high 畦, the effective soil thickness of 0.8m ; Three-Gorges reservoir paddy field citrus transformation project should be based on the combination of the local slope, soil properties and citrus root distribution of a comprehensive analysis of the rational determination of the citrus cultivation of the parameters of the transformation of plots.