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春马铃薯播后地面覆盖塑料薄膜,可减少地面水分蒸发,提高土温,提早出苗,延长有效生长期,并能改善土壤环境,使土壤保持蓬松状态,有利于匍匐茎发育。因此,地膜覆盖成为马铃薯早熟高产的重要生产技术措施之一。根据我所及市马铃薯科研生产协作组协作点的试验,南京地区春马铃薯地膜覆盖栽培在1月上旬催芽,2月上中旬播种。播后地面盖膜,3月底揭膜,覆盖天数30—40天,一般可增产30—50％,协作点最高亩产达5,498斤,其中以盖膜40天的增产幅度最大。比未盖膜的增产74.8％,并提早上市10天以上。对解决伏缺增加5月份蔬菜花色品种和经济收益,具有现实意义。现将试验情况及效果简介如下: 播期与覆盖天数 (一) 播期:我市冬季寒冷夏季高温均不宜马铃薯生长,只有春季3—6月(6月20日前)、秋季8月上
Spring potato sowing ground covered plastic film, can reduce the surface evaporation of water, increase soil temperature, early emergence, to extend the effective growth period, and can improve the soil environment, so that the soil to maintain a fluffy state is conducive to stoloniferous development. Therefore, mulching has become one of the important production techniques for early maturity and high yield of potatoes. According to my collaboration with the city of potato research production collaboration group point test, Nanjing spring potato film mulching cultivation in early January germination, sowing in mid-February. After sowing, the ground cover film was uncoveried at the end of March and covered 30-40 days. Generally it could increase 30-50%. The highest mu yield reached 5,498 jin at the coordination point, and the largest yield increase occurred in 40 days. A 74.8% increase over the uncapped membrane, and an early listing of more than 10 days. It is of practical significance to solve the shortage of vegetables and increase vegetable color varieties and economic benefits in May. Now the test conditions and effects are as follows: Sowing date and coverage days (a) sowing date: city winter cold summer high temperature should not be potato growth, only in spring 3-6 months (June 20), autumn in August