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以“川麦44”为材料,单因素随机区组设计,研究3种前茬(大豆茬、玉米茬、红苕茬)对套作小麦花后物质积累、叶片光合特性及产量构成的影响。结果表明,前作为玉米和大豆时,开花时旗叶净光合速率高,叶片厚且叶色深;花后绿色叶面积大,持续时间长,叶绿素下降缓慢,叶片衰老延缓;玉米茬和大豆茬的小麦单茎干物质积累量大,成熟期干物重在穗中的分配比例大,表现为穗粒数多,千粒重大,单穗重高,最终产量豆茬和玉米茬小麦显著高于苕茬小麦。
Using “Chuanmai 44” as material and single-factor randomized block design, the effects of three kinds of pre-cropping (soybean stubble, corn stubble and red stubble) on the material accumulation, leaf photosynthetic characteristics and yield components of wheat were studied . The results showed that the net photosynthetic rate of flag leaves at flowering was high, the leaves were thick and the leaves were dark at the beginning when flowering. The area of green leaves after flowering was long, the duration of chlorophyll decreased slowly, and the leaf senescence was delayed. The corn stubble and soybean stubble The dry matter accumulation of single stems of wheat is large, and the distribution proportion of dry matter weight in ears at maturity is large, which is as follows: the number of grains per spike, the weight of one thousand grains, and the weight of single spike are higher than those of stubble wheat.