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目的了解西安市2013年法定传染病的流行特征。方法使用中国疾病预防控制中心开发的“疾病监测信息报告管理系统”对2013年西安市法定传染病发病与死亡情况进行统计分析。结果 2013年西安市总共报告法定传染病26种52 791例,发病率为617.78/10万,报告死亡52例,死亡率为0.61/10万。其中无甲类传染病报告,报告乙类传染病17种19 112例,发病率为213.46/10万,报告死亡50例,死亡率为0.59/10万。报告丙类传染病9种33 679例,发病率为392.75/10万,报告死亡2例,死亡率为0.02/10万。报告发病数居前5位的疾病依次为:手足口病、其他感染性腹泻病、肺结核、乙肝和流行性腮腺炎。结论在2013年西安市法定传染病中,肠道传染病和呼吸道传染病仍是严重危害居民身体健康与生命安全的主要公共卫生问题。散居儿童和农民是高危人群,应加强开展健康教育力度,做好传染病卫生监测工作。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases in Xi’an in 2013. Methods The disease surveillance information report management system developed by China Center for Disease Control and Prevention was used to analyze the incidence and death of notifiable infectious diseases in Xi’an in 2013. Results In 2013, a total of 52 791 cases of statutory infectious diseases were reported in Xi’an, with a prevalence of 617.78 / 100 000, 52 reported deaths and a mortality rate of 0.61 / 100 000. Among them, there were no reports of class A infectious diseases and 19 11212 cases of type B infectious diseases were reported, with a morbidity of 213.46 / 100 000. There were 50 reported deaths and the death rate was 0.59 / 100,000. Nine types of 33,679 cases of Category C infectious diseases were reported, with an incidence rate of 392.75 / 100,000. Two cases were reported dead with a mortality rate of 0.02 / 100,000. The top 5 diseases reported in the report were hand-foot-mouth disease, other infectious diarrheal diseases, tuberculosis, hepatitis B and mumps. Conclusion In 2013, zoonoses and respiratory diseases were still the major public health problems that seriously endanger the health and safety of residents. Diaspora and peasants are at high risk. Health education should be strengthened to monitor infectious diseases and health.