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目的调查某医学院少数民族学生心理健康阳性检出情况及影响因素,为开展少数民族大学生心理健康教育提供依据。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对某医学院2001～2005级学生1655人的心理健康状况进行测评,并进行比较分析。结果被测试的1655名少数民族医学生的心理问题阳性检出率为25.32%,症状出现最多的为强迫症状,最少的为躯体症状;通过线性回归分析发现,影响医学生心理健康有8个主要因素:学生的业余时间与他人相处情况;对专业认知情况中的喜欢所学专业情况;学生的家庭经济及人文环境中的家庭情况,家庭居住地的级别,生活费主要来源;及学生自身的某些特性和生活习惯中的喝酒情况,网瘾程度,勤工俭学存在情况。结论少数民族医学生的心理健康状况不容乐观,不同程度的存在多种心理健康问题。因此,有关教育者应高度重视,应有层次、有区别的进行新型少数民族医学生的心理健康教育,开展心理咨询和辅导工作,使他们能应对各种心理应激源。
Objective To investigate the positive detection and influencing factors of mental health among ethnic minority students in a medical school and provide the basis for carrying out psychological health education among ethnic minority college students. Methods The mental health status of 1655 students from 2001 to 2005 in a medical college was evaluated by SCL-90 and compared with each other. Results The positive rate of psychological problems among the 1655 minority medical students tested was 25.32%. The most common symptoms were obsessive-compulsive symptoms and at least the somatic symptoms. By means of linear regression analysis, it was found that there were 8 main effects on mental health of medical students Factors: the student’s leisure time and others get along with others; professional knowledge of what they like to learn the profession; students in the family economy and the human environment in the family situation, the level of family residence, the main source of cost of living; and students themselves Some characteristics and habits of drinking, Internet addiction, work-study existence. Conclusion The mental health of ethnic medical students is not optimistic, there are many mental health problems in different degrees. Therefore, educators should attach great importance to the education of mental health of new ethnic minority medical students at different levels and different levels so as to enable them to cope with various psychological stressors.