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为探索水土保持生态修复工程对土壤水文物理性质的改良作用,研究了鲁中山区4种生态修复措施对土壤结构、土壤储水量和土壤入渗的影响。研究结果表明:①各种修复措施对土壤水文物理性状都有明显的改善作用。具体表现在:土壤中细粒物质平均提高了9.44%,砂粒降低了9.45%;孔隙数量平均增多1.7%,土壤密度平均减小0.63g.cm-3;土壤储水量平均增加了6.8 mm;土壤稳渗速率平均提高了1.32 mm.min-1。②4种修复措施对土壤物理性状的改良程度不同,改良作用最大的是荒坡造林,其次是疏林补植和梯田封育,最小的是荒坡封禁。③霍顿(Horton)入渗模型和通用经验入渗模型都能较好地反映研究区内4种生态修复措施前后的土壤入渗过程,但霍顿(Horton)入渗模型的结果比通用经验模型的更接近于实测值。
In order to explore the effect of soil and water conservation ecological restoration project on the improvement of soil hydrological and physical properties, the effects of four kinds of ecological restoration measures on soil structure, soil water storage and soil infiltration were studied. The results show that: (1) A variety of restoration measures have obvious improvement on the hydrological and physical properties of the soil. The results are as follows: the content of fine-grained soil increased by 9.44% on average and that of sand reduced by 9.45%, the average number of pores increased by 1.7%, the average soil density decreased by 0.63g.cm-3, the average soil water storage increased by 6.8 mm, The steady infiltration rate increased by an average of 1.32 mm.min-1. (4) The improvement of soil physical properties by four kinds of restoration measures is different. The most improvement effect is the afforestation of barren slopes, followed by sparse forest replanting and terrace enclosure, and the smallest is the barren slope closure. Horton infiltration model and general experience infiltration model can well reflect the soil infiltration process before and after the four kinds of ecological restoration measures in the study area, but the results of Horton infiltration model are better than the common experience The model is closer to the measured value.