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目的分析某高校肺结核发病情况,提出防治建议。方法传染性肺结核病人密切接触者做结核菌素(PPD)试验和胸透,PPD强阳性(硬结直径≥15 mm或局部出现水疱或溃烂)者知情同意后进行预防性治疗。结果 2006—2009年新登记肺结核51例,年均肺结核新登记率34.7/10万,涂阳新登记率8.8/10万;密切接触者PPD检测,阳性率39%,强阳性率27.2%。结论做好密切接触者的筛查工作,采取及时的综合性防治措施;对PPD强阳性者进行预防性治疗;健康教育有助于早期发现病例、降低诊断延误和接触传染的危险。
Objective To analyze the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in a university and put forward prevention and treatment suggestions. Methods Patients with close contacts of infectious pulmonary tuberculosis were given prophylactic treatment with tuberculin (PPD) test and informed consent of thoracentesis, PPD strongly positive (induration ≥15 mm or local blistering or ulceration) with informed consent. Results A total of 51 new cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were registered in 2006-2009. The average annual registration rate of pulmonary tuberculosis was 34.7 / 100 000 and the newly registered smear positive rate was 8.8 / 100 000. The positive rate was 39% and the strong positive rate was 27.2%. Conclusions Good screening of close contacts should be taken and prompt comprehensive prevention and treatment measures should be taken. Preventive treatment should be carried out on persons with strong positive PPD. Health education can help early detection of cases and reduce the risk of diagnosis delay and contagion.