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长江上游洪水自出三峡过枝江后,一部分洪水即由松滋、太平、藕池、调弦四口分泄入洞庭湖;一部分则由监利下泄。洞庭湖又纳湘、资、沅、澧四水及四口之水,由岳阳湖口回注长江经螺山下泄(见附图1)。当高水时期,由于江湖不分,汪洋一片,要作出螺山之出流预报必须利用湖泊演算。而中低水时期,也须要按江湖分别推演以求得螺山之出流过程,故较大湖泊洪流演进对于长江中下游的预报有着极其巨大的意义。
After the floods in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River pass Zhijiang River from the Three Gorges, part of the floodwater is released into Dongting Lake by Songzi, Taiping, Ouchi and Tundui; part of it is discharged by Jianli. Dongting Lake and Naxiang, capital, Yuan, 澧 four water and four water, by Yueyanghukou injection Yangtze River via Loishang (see Figure 1). When the high water period, due to the rivers and lakes, a vast expanse of water, to make the Luoshan outflow forecast must use the lake calculus. However, during the period of low and medium water, it is also necessary to deduce them according to the rivers and lakes, respectively. Therefore, the evolution of the larger lakes is of great significance for the forecast of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.