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在左倾思想影响时期,特别是在十年动乱中,史学研究中的“百家争鸣”遭到极大的破坏。十年动乱的结束,特别是党的十一届三中全会以来,史学领域一扫过去沉闷压抑的空气,一时出现了诸家峰起、众说纷纭的“百家争鸣”局面,凡是史学领域里涉及到的重大问题。几乎都被摆到争鸣的阵地上来。例如,马克思主义阶级斗争理论和历史学的关系,史料和理论的关系,社会历史发展的动力问题,中国封建社会发展缓慢的原因,农民战争的历史作用,洋务运动和清末立宪派的历史作用等等。至于对历史人物的评价,范围就更广泛了。限于篇幅,这里我们只能选择其中几个问题略作介绍。
During the period of leftist ideological influence, especially during the ten years of unrest, the “contention of a hundred schools of thought” in the study of history has been greatly damaged. Since the end of the ten-year turmoil, especially since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party, the historiography field has swept away the depressed and repressed atmosphere in the past, and the situation of “one hundred schools of thought contending” Major problem Almost all have been placed on the battlefield of contend. For example, the relationship between Marxist class struggle theory and history, the relationship between historical materials and theory, the motive force of social and historical development, the reason for the slow development of Chinese feudal society, the historical role of the peasant war, the Westernization Movement and the historical role of the constitutionalists in the late Qing Dynasty Wait. As for the evaluation of historical figures, the scope is more extensive. Due to space limitations, here we can only select a few questions briefly introduced.