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[目的]探讨碘盐对上海市8~10岁儿童碘营养及甲状腺肿大率的影响。[方法]根据上海市2002—2014年的碘盐监测结果及1995—2014年的碘缺乏病监测数据,分析上海市全民食盐加碘政策实施前后8~10岁儿童碘营养水平及甲状腺肿大率。[结果]自1996年4月起,上海市实施全民食盐加碘政策,分析显示2002—2014年上海市生产批发商家及居民用户的食用碘盐中的碘含量均符合国家标准。1995年上海市市区和郊区8~10岁儿童尿碘中位数分别为72.3和52.2μg/L,2002—2014年儿童尿碘中位数范围为151.0~198.1μg/L;2004—2014年儿童甲状腺肿大率均低于1%。[结论]上海市全民食盐加碘政策实施以来,儿童碘营养水平适宜,甲状腺肿大率处于较低水平。
[Objective] To investigate the effect of iodized salt on iodine nutrition and goiter rate in children aged 8 ~ 10 in Shanghai. [Methods] Based on the iodized salt monitoring results from 2002 to 2014 in Shanghai and the monitoring data of iodine deficiency disorders from 1995 to 2014, the iodine nutrition and goiter rate in children aged 8 ~ 10 years before and after the implementation of the universal salt iodization policy in Shanghai were analyzed . [Results] Since April 1996, Shanghai implemented the policy of salt iodization by the whole people. The analysis showed that the iodine content in the iodized salt of Shanghai residents in production and wholesale between 2002 and 2014 all met the national standards. In 1995, the median urinary iodine of children aged 8-10 years in urban and suburban areas of Shanghai was 72.3 and 52.2 μg / L, respectively, and the median urinary iodine ranged from 151.0 to 198.1 μg / L in children from 2002 to 2014. In 2004-2014 Goiter in children were less than 1%. [Conclusion] Since the implementation of the universal salt iodization policy in Shanghai, iodine nutrition level in children is suitable and the goiter rate is at a low level.