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目的 调查陕西省大骨节病(Kashin-Beck disease,KBD)患者领悟社会支持及其影响因素,为完善KBD患者管理策略提供理论依据.方法 采取两阶段整群随机抽样方法,在陕西省KBD高发地区宝鸡、咸阳、铜川地区,抽取现存疾病严重程度在Ⅰ度及以上KBD患者为调查对象,以入户调查的方式使用领悟社会支持量表(perceived social support scale,PSSS)测量家庭支持、朋友支持和其他支持的领悟,其中PSSS总得分在12～ 36为低支持状态,37～ 60为中间支持状态,61 ～ 84为高支持状态,分析不同性别、年龄、教育水平、婚姻状况、职业、疾病严重程度以及地区对领悟社会支持的影响.结果 901例KBD患者中男性占55.49％(500/901),女性占44.51％(401/901),年龄中位数为58岁.KBD Ⅰ度患者占37.18％(335/901),Ⅱ度患者占53.50％(482/901),Ⅲ度患者占9.32％(84/901),PSSS得分中位数(四分位数)为62(54,70),其中低支持状态者占8.55％(77/901),中间支持状态者占36.96％(333/901),高支持状态者占54.50％(491/901).年龄是朋友支持、其他支持得分和总得分的危险因素;相比于文盲,小学是总得分的保护性因素,初中及以上是家庭支持得分和总得分的保护性因素;相比于宝鸡地区,成阳、铜川地区是家庭支持得分、其他支持得分和总得分的保护因素;此外,咸阳地区还是朋友支持得分的保护因素.结论 陕西KBD患者领悟社会支持总体上在中等以上,年龄、文化程度和地区因素是影响领悟社会支持的主要因素.“,”Objective To investigate the level of perceived social support and its influencing factors in Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) patients in Shaanxi Province,and to provide a theoretical basis for improving the service to KBD patients.Methods By the two-stage cluster random sampling method,KBD patients with the severity of disease of grade Ⅰ and above were investigated in Baoji,Xianyang and Tongchuan areas in Shaanxi Province,which were higher incidence areas of KBD.The Chinese version of perceived social support scale (PSSS) was used to measure family support,friend support,and other supportive comprehension social support levels by household survey method,the total score of PSSS is low support state from 12 to 36,intermediate support state from 37 to 60,and high support state from 61 to 84,and the effects of gender,age,education level,marital status,occupation,disease severity and region on the level of perceived social support were analyzed.Results In 901 cases of KBD patients,males accounted for 55.49％ (500/901),females accounted for 44.51％ (401/901).The median age of patients was 58 years old.According to the severity of KBD criteria,grade Ⅰ patients were 37.18％ (335/901),grade Ⅱ patients were 53.50％ (482/901) and grade Ⅲ patients were 9.32％ (84/901).The median (quartile) PSSS score was 62 (54,70),the low support status accounted for 8.55％ (77/901),the intermediate support status accounted for 36.96％ (333/901),and the high support status was 54.50％ (491/901).Age was a risk factor for friend support,other support dimensions and total score;compared with illiteracy,primary school education was the protective factor of total score,and junior high school and above education was the protective factor of family support dimension and total score.Compared with Baoji area,Xianyang area and Tongchuan area were the protective factors of family support dimension,other support dimension,and total score.In addition,Xianyang area was also a protective factor of friend support dimension.Conclusion The level of perceived social support of KBD patients in Shaanxi is generally above moderate.Age,education,and regional factors are main factors affecting perceived social support.