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在国家统计局核算制度方法中,由于尚未建立支出法GDP季度正式核算制度,因此在经济形势分析过程中,往往使用一些替代型指标来反映消费需求的变化和特点。如用国内贸易统计中的社会消费品零售总额或居民家庭抽样调查中的居民家庭消费支出反映居民消费需求,用地方财政支出反映政府消费需求。本文论述了这三个替代指标与最终消费从概念和数据表现上的差异,并综合分析了近年来上海消费需求的变化特点及制约因素,并提出扩大消费需求的政策建议。
In the method of accounting system of the National Bureau of Statistics, since the official quarterly GDP accounting accounting system has not yet been established, some alternative indicators are often used in the analysis of the economic situation to reflect the changes and characteristics of consumer demand. For example, using the total retail sales of consumer goods in the domestic trade statistics or household household expenditures in the household sample survey to reflect the residents’ consumption needs, the local fiscal expenditure is used to reflect the government consumption demand. This paper discusses the differences between these three alternative indicators and the final consumption from the concept and data performance. It also analyzes the changing characteristics and constraints of the Shanghai consumer demand in recent years and puts forward the policy suggestions to expand consumer demand.