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目的掌握全国血吸虫病疫情监测点2002年的疫情。方法根据《全国血吸虫病疫情监测点方案》,对2002年全国21个疫情监测点的疫情进行监测,其中重度和轻度流行区各3个,中度流行区14个。结果(1)人群血吸虫病粪检阳性率最低为0.6%(江苏丹徒),最高17.72%(江西南昌),年龄和职业是影响感染水平的重要因素;当年共发生急性血吸虫病感染2例,新发现晚期血吸虫病1例;(2)各点耕牛感染率普遍较高,地区间差异较大(0～58.33%);(3)各监测点2002年均发现活螺,其中8个点的活螺框率超过40%,除上海金山、湖北蔡甸和四川丹棱外均发现感染性钉螺,其中湖南君山首次在垸内发现感染性钉螺。结论2002年全国监测点防治工作取得了一定的成效,但因存在疫情反复的因素,须进一步加强对各个监测点血吸虫病疫情的监测和控制工作。
Objective To master the epidemic situation of schistosomiasis in 2002 in China. Methods According to the “National schistosomiasis monitoring program”, the epidemic situation of 21 epidemic monitoring stations in China was monitored in 2002, of which 3 were in severe and mild endemic areas and 14 in moderate endemic areas. Results (1) The lowest positive rate of schistosomiasis examination was 0.6% (Dantu, Jiangsu Province) and the highest was 17.72% (Nanchang, Jiangxi Province). Age and occupation were the important factors influencing the infection level. Two cases of acute schistosomiasis infection occurred in that year, 1 case of newly diagnosed schistosomiasis was found. (2) The prevalence of cattle in each point was generally high, with significant differences (0-58.33%) among different regions. (3) The live snails were found in all monitoring sites in 2002, of which 8 Of the live snail rate of more than 40%, except for Shanghai Jinshan, Hubei Caidian and Sichuan Danleng were found in infectious snails, of which Hunan Junshan first found in the embankment infectious snails. Conclusion In 2002, some achievements have been made in prevention and control of monitoring stations in the country. However, monitoring and control of schistosomiasis prevalence at various monitoring sites should be further strengthened due to the repeated factors of epidemic situation.