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对111个紫薇品种的17个表型分类性状多样性进行了研究。结果表明,紫薇品种具有丰富的表型多样性,平均遗传多样性指数为0.707。总体上是数量性状形态多样性指数大于质量性状,其中花色、瓣爪色2个质量性状和花径、着花数、花序长、花序宽、种子千粒重5个数量性状变异明显,其多样性指数分别大于1.2和1.4。不同紫薇品种群表型性状多样性差异明显,多样性指数由高到低依次为:红薇品种群(H’=0.838)、堇薇品种群(H’=0.823)、银薇品种群(H’=0.696)、矮生品种群(H’=0.604)、复色品种群(H’=0.573)。通过主成分分析,上述2个质量性状和5个数量性状主成分的贡献率为67.70%,包括花序长、花序宽、着花数、花色数、花色、种子千粒重、瓣爪色、叶色、小枝四棱、花香、花径等11个形态性状指标,代表了紫薇品种表型分类性状的综合特征。基于表型形态性状,111个紫薇品种可聚类为5大类群,其遗传聚类与花色及株型关系密切,4个以花色为主要分类性状的品种群总体演化趋势是:堇薇品种群→红薇品种群→银薇品种群→复色品种群。
The diversity of 17 phenotypic traits in 111 Lagerstroemia indica cultivars was studied. The results showed that the cultivars of Lagerstroemia indica with rich phenotypic diversity, the average genetic diversity index was 0.707. In general, the morphological diversity index of quantitative traits was higher than that of quality traits. The two quality traits of flower color and claw color varied with the number of flowers, the number of flowers, the length of inflorescence, the width of inflorescence and the seed weight of 1000 seeds. The diversity index Respectively greater than 1.2 and 1.4. The differences of phenotypic traits in different species of Lagerstroemia indica were significant, the order of diversity index was from Rhodiola rosea population (H ’= 0.838), Violata species (H’ = 0.823) ’= 0.696), dwarf product population (H’ = 0.604), and polychromatic population (H ’= 0.573). According to principal component analysis, the contribution rate of the above two main characters of quality traits and five quantitative traits was 67.70%, including the length of inflorescence, the width of inflorescence, the number of flowers, the number of flowers, the color of flowers, the weight of seeds, the color of claw, Branchlets quadrangular, floral, flower diameter and other 11 morphological traits, representing a comprehensive analysis of the phenotypic traits of crape myrtle variety characteristics. Based on phenotypic and morphological traits, 111 Lagerstroemia indica cultivars could be clustered into 5 groups, and their genetic clustering was closely related to flower color and plant type. The overall evolutionary trend of 4 species with flower color as main classification was: → Viburnum species population → Viburnum population → complex color population.