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[目的]为了明确西洋参产量与土壤肥力、微生物和酶活性关系,为西洋参高产种植提供参考依据。[方法]采用5点取样法研究了土壤微生物分布和土壤酶活性的变化规律与西洋参产量的关系。[结果]西洋参高产田土壤的有机质和速效钾含量均高于低产田,但低产田土壤速效氮和速效磷含量高于高产田;高产田土壤细菌数是低产田的7.5倍;高产田土壤蔗糖酶活性比低产田高15.6%,土壤过氧化氢酶活性比低产田高14.6%;高产田的氨化作用、硝化作用均高于低产田。[结论]土壤的肥力、微生物类群、酶活性和微生物活性都与西洋参的产量有关。
[Objective] The research aimed to provide a reference for the high-yielding cultivation of American ginseng in order to clarify the relationship between the yield of American ginseng and soil fertility, microorganism and enzyme activity. [Method] The relationship between soil microorganism distribution and soil enzyme activities and the yield of American ginseng was studied by 5-point sampling method. [Result] The contents of organic matter and available potassium in the high yielding field of American Ginseng were higher than those in the low yielding field, but the contents of available nitrogen and available phosphorus in the low yielding field were higher than those in the high yielding field. The number of bacteria in the high yielding field was 7.5 times that in the low yielding field. The enzyme activity was 15.6% higher than that of low-yielding field and the catalase activity of soil was 14.6% higher than that of low-yielding field. The ammonification and nitrification of high yielding field were higher than those of low-yielding field. [Conclusion] Soil fertility, microbial population, enzyme activity and microbial activity were all related to the yield of American ginseng.