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本文就短切玻璃纤维增强灌注成型的聚氨酯泡沫,考察了纤维长度及含量对增强泡沫体的部分物理机械性能的影响,并进一步就其结构形态进行了研究,讨论了增强效果和材料的破坏形式。实验表明,纤维加入闭孔结构的聚氨酯泡沫后,因分散形式的不同,对原泡孔结构的影响是不同的。在长度和含量适当时,以单丝和小束纤维分散为主,此时可以得到明显的增强效果。当增强泡沫体承受拉伸、冲击应力时,纤维强化了支柱的承载能力,提高了产生裂纹的应力值,并对已产生的裂纹,起到减弱和减缓扩展的作用。材料的增强效果,应取决于不同破坏形式所占的比例多寡。增强用纤维的最佳长度与纤维的特性及混料工艺有关。实验证明,增强聚氨酯泡沫塑料的密度为0.06g/cm~3,此时,纤维含量为6％,长度为12mm,可以获得最佳的增强效果。
In this paper, the effects of fiber length and content on some physical and mechanical properties of reinforced foam were investigated, and the structure and morphology of the polyurethane foam were investigated. The effects of reinforcement and material failure were discussed . Experiments show that the fiber added to the closed-cell structure of polyurethane foam, due to the different forms of dispersion, the original cell structure is different. When the length and content are appropriate, the monofilament and the small bundle fibers are mainly distributed, at this time, the obvious enhancement effect can be obtained. When the reinforced foam is subjected to tensile and impact stresses, the fibers reinforce the bearing capacity of the pillars and increase the stress values at which the cracks develop, and act to attenuate and slow the expansion of the existing cracks. The reinforcement effect of the material should depend on the proportion of different forms of damage. The optimum length of the reinforcing fiber is related to the characteristics of the fiber and the mixing process. Experiments show that the density of reinforced polyurethane foam is 0.06g / cm ~ 3, at this time, the fiber content of 6%, the length of 12mm, you can get the best enhancement.