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由于海床起伏不平,斜坡的存在必然改变波浪对管线及海床的作用特性,进而影响管线三维冲刷。本文基于波浪港池实验,考虑规则波的作用,采用中值粒径为0.22mm的原型沙铺设与波浪传播方向成45°夹角的1:15斜坡,通过测量近岸波高变化和管线下方冲刷坑宽度和深度的差异,分析波高和周期对冲刷坑深度、范围的影响。结果表明:管道的存在加剧了水体紊动程度,对海床演变影响很大;波高增大时,沙纹自左向右、自近岸向深海发展,且尺度加大,水深一致时,管道沿程右侧冲刷深度大于左侧;周期增大时,沙纹尺度增加且较为规整,管底的冲刷坑深度加大,形成管后淤积,但对左右侧冲刷深度变化影响不大。
Due to the uneven sea floor, the presence of slopes inevitably changes the role of the wave on the pipeline and the seabed, thus affecting the three-dimensional erosion of the pipeline. Based on the wave harbor experiment and considering the effect of regular wave, a 1:15 slope with a 45 ° angle to the wave propagation direction is laid by a prototype sand with a median diameter of 0.22 mm. By measuring the variation of the coastal wave height and the erosion below the pipeline The difference between the width and the depth of the pit, the influence of the wave height and the period on the depth and the scope of the erosion pit are analyzed. The results show that the existence of pipeline exacerbates the turbulence of water body and has a great influence on the evolution of the sea floor. When the wave height increases, the sand pattern changes from left to right and from near shore to deep sea, and the scale increases and the water depth is the same. When the period increases, the scale of sand grains increases and is more regular. The depth of the scour pit at the bottom of the tube increases, forming a siltation after the tube, but has little effect on the change of scour depth on the left and right sides.