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目的了解北京市大兴区甲型H1N1流感病例的流行病学特征,为今后的流感防控工作提供科学依据。方法收集2009年6月～2010年1月大兴区403例甲型HlNl流感病例,应用描述性研究方法对其流行病学特征进行分析。结果早期确诊的病例以发热、咳嗽、咽痛为主要症状,疫情高发期出现死亡病例7例,病死率1.7%;所有患者中女性占53.35%,平均年龄(22.3±15.8)岁,学生占39.21%;2009年11月为发病高峰(40.45%);患者发病后至确诊的平均时间为(3.16±1.99)d;位于城乡结合部、流动人口较多的乡镇(办事处)病例数占总病例的76.67%。结论本次甲型H1N1流感疫情在大兴区的传播顺序为:病例传入期-社区散发期-学校社区病例快速上升期-病例下降期。整个流行过程持续7个月,期间政府与卫生专业部门分阶段所采取的防控措施是科学有效的。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of Influenza A (H1N1) in Daxing District of Beijing and provide a scientific basis for future prevention and control of influenza. Methods A total of 403 cases of Influenza A (H1N1) influenza in Daxing District from June 2009 to January 2010 were collected and their epidemiological characteristics were analyzed by descriptive method. Results The early diagnosis of fever, cough, sore throat as the main symptoms, the epidemic of high death occurred in 7 cases, the mortality rate of 1.7%; all patients, accounting for 53.35% of women, the average age (22.3 ± 15.8) years of age, students accounted for 39.21 %; The peak incidence was 40.45% in November 2009; the average time from diagnosis to diagnosis was (3.16 ± 1.99) days after the onset of disease; the number of cases of township (office) located in the junction of urban and rural areas with large floating population accounted for the total cases Of 76.67%. Conclusion The epidemic situation of Influenza A (H1N1) in Daxing District is as follows: case inception - community outbreak - rapid increase of school community cases - decline of cases. The whole epidemic lasts for 7 months. During the period, the prevention and control measures taken by the government and health professional in stages are scientifically effective.