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除了从卤水中或是从含氧化锂矿物中提取碳酸锂以外,锂辉石是美国氧化锂的最重要来源。锂辉石是三种天然锂铝硅酸盐矿物之一,其它两种是透锂长石和锂霞石。图3.1表示了这三种锂铝硅酸盐矿物在三元图中的位置。图中还画出了准高岭土的位置,因为在耐火材料中广泛应用的是锂辉石与高岭土的混合物或是透锂长石与高岭土的混合物。由于联合国对罗得西亚的原料实行禁运,目前透锂长石在美国陶瓷工业中应用很少。锂霞石为数不多,不足以开采或作为精矿销售。所有美国产的锂霞石都是人工合成的,而且都是以β-型出售。
In addition to extracting lithium carbonate from brine or lithium oxide-bearing minerals, spodumene is the most important source of lithium oxide in the United States. Spodumene is one of the three natural lithium aluminosilicate minerals, the other two are diltiazem and eucryptite. Figure 3.1 shows the location of these three lithium aluminosilicates in the ternary diagram. The figure also shows the location of the quasi-kaolin, as widely used in refractories is a mixture of spodumene and kaolin or a mixture of lithium-feldspar and kaolin. Due to the United Nations embargo on raw materials in Rhodesia, at present lithium niobium is rarely used in the US ceramics industry. Eucryptite is one of the few, not enough to be mined or sold as a concentrate. All American-made eucryptites are synthetically produced and are all sold as β-forms.