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目的:对长沙市中小学6～18岁儿童与青少年夜遗尿症进行流行病学调查及分析，为儿童夜遗尿症儿童保健、疾病病因及防治的研究提供依据。方法:选取2018年9月至2019年1月的长沙市17所中小学，每所学校随机选取4个班级共3055例儿童与青少年，通过问卷调查方式进行夜遗尿症流行病学特点调查。结果:实际回收有效调查问卷2908份，夜遗尿症现患病率4.47%(130/2908)，女性患病率3.61%(52/1442)低于男性患病率5.32%(78/1466)，夜遗尿症患病率随着年龄的增长而降低。结论:夜遗尿症在学龄儿童患病率仍很高，随着年龄增长而降低。“,”Objective:To investigate and analyze the epidemiology of enuresis among children and adolescents aged 6-18 in primary and middle schools of Changsha city, and to provide the basis for the research on the health care, etiology and prevention of enuresis among children.Methods:A total of 17 primary and secondary schools in Changsha were randomly selected, and a total of 3055 children and adolescents were randomly selected from 4 classes in each school.The epidemiological characteristics of nocturnal enuresis were investigated through questionnaire survey.Results:The actual recovery of 2908 valid questionnaires showed that the prevalence rate of nocturnal enuresis was 4.47%, 3.61% of women was lower than 5.32% of men, and the prevalence rate of nocturnal enuresis decreased with the increase of age.Conclusions:The prevalence of nocturnal enuresis remains high in school-age children and decreases with age to about 1% after puberty.