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19世纪末至20世纪初有两种西儒研究汉语方言分类的著作,在汉语方言学史上应占有重要的地位。一是穆麟德(P.G.VonMllendorff)《现行中国之异族语及中国方言之分类》(1896),作者将汉语方言分为四大类:粤语、闽语、吴语、官话,每类皆有使用人口说明。二是《中华归主——中国基督教事业统计》(1901—1920),此书将汉语方言分为两大类:官话和沿海方言,各大类又分若干小类。此书有一幅中国语言区域分划图,这是最早的汉语方言区域图。本文还将中西学者的相关著作略作比较。
There are two kinds of books on the classification of Chinese dialects by the West Confucianists from late 19th century to the early 20th century. They should play an important role in the history of Chinese dialects. The first is PGVon Mllendorff's “Current Chinese Classification of Interracial and Chinese Dialects” (1896), which divides the Chinese dialects into four major categories: Cantonese, Min Dialect, Wu, Mandarin, Use demographic description. Second, “the Chinese return to China - Christianity career statistics” (1901-1920), the book will be divided into two main categories of Chinese dialects: Mandarin and coastal dialects, each category is divided into several sub-categories. This book has a Chinese language regional division map, which is the earliest Chinese dialect area map. This article also compares the related works of Chinese and Western scholars for a little.