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由于抗药疟原虫和蚊虫的出现,给疟疾防治带来了困难。研发安全有效的疟疾疫苗是当前全球疟疾防治的迫切需求。目前,正在研究的疟疾疫苗主要包括红前期疟疾疫苗、红内期疟疾疫苗和传播阻断型疟疾疫苗。其中传播阻断型疫苗(Transmission-blocking vaccines,TBVs)被认为是一种在疟疾流行地区降低病原体传播的可行策略。近年来,传播阻断型疟疾疫苗的研制取得了很大的进展。本文综述了传播阻断型疟疾疫苗的用途、靶抗原以及传播阻断型恶性疟疾和间日疟疾疫苗研究现状,旨在为传播阻断型疟疾疫苗的研制提供参考。
The emergence of Plasmodium-resistant malaria and mosquitoes has caused difficulties in malaria control. The development of safe and effective malaria vaccine is the urgent need of global malaria control. At present, the malaria vaccine under study mainly includes the red pre-malaria vaccine, the red malaria vaccine and the transmission of a malaria vaccine. Transmission-blocking vaccines (TBVs) are considered as a viable strategy to reduce the spread of pathogens in malaria endemic areas. In recent years, great progress has been made in the development of a transmission-blocking malaria vaccine. This article reviews the current status of the use of the transmission-blocking malaria vaccine, its target antigens, and the transmission of the vaccine against infectious and malaria-resistant malaria to provide a reference for the development of a vaccine against the disease.