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炭黑实质上是元素炭,它是由液体或气体碳化氢部分经燃烧或热裂化处理后制得。炭黑是工业炭素中一种重要的物质,是国民经济中不可缺少的化工原料,主要用于橡胶工业中作为补强剂,也用于油墨涂料和塑料工业中作为黑色的配合剂。此外,也用于造纸和无线电原件中。随着国民经济的发展,炭黑的生产和使用日益广泛,因而接触炭黑粉尘作业的工人也随着增多。为了防止炭黑粉尘的危害,1974年国家将炭黑尘肺列入职业病范围。为了阐明炭黑粉尘的危害性质,我们对炭黑粉尘对大鼠肺脏的致纤维化作用进行了研究。
Carbon black is essentially an elemental carbon which is produced by the combustion or thermal cracking of a liquid or gaseous hydrocarbon. Carbon black is an important substance in industrial carbon and is an indispensable chemical raw material in the national economy. It is mainly used as a reinforcing agent in the rubber industry and also as a black compounding agent in the ink coatings and plastics industries. In addition, it is also used in paper and radio originals. With the development of the national economy, the production and use of carbon black is becoming more widespread, and the number of workers exposed to carbon black dust has also increased. In order to prevent the harm of carbon black dust, in 1974 the country included carbon black pneumoconiosis occupational disease range. To elucidate the hazardous nature of carbon black dust, we studied the fibrogenic effects of carbon black dust on rat lung.