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目的探讨佛山市第一人民医院住院患者中人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)感染的流行病学及临床特征。方法对2006年1月-2012年12月期间的441 867例住院患者进行HIV抗体的检测,阳性者标本送佛山市疾控中心行HIV抗体确证试验,同时进行T淋巴细胞亚群计数,TRUST,TPPA,HCV及相关病原体检测。回顾分析住院病历资料。结果筛查发现HIV/AIDS患者168例,检出率0.38‰(168/441 867),2010年前感染人数逐年上升,2010年后出现下降。男女之比为2.43∶1,年龄分布以20~39岁(52.98%)为多,性传播为主要传播途径(79.17%),75例合并机会性感染(44.64%):真菌感染31例(18.45%),严重细菌感染22例(13.10%),结核分枝杆菌感染12例(7.14%)。共有17例患者死亡,主要死亡原因为感染。结论自2010年起,佛山地区HIV感染情况开始有所好转,对住院患者进行HIV抗体的检测是发现HIV感染的重要途径,机会性感染是其主要临床特征及死亡原因,临床医生必须提高对HIV/AIDS的警觉性。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological and clinical features of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in hospitalized patients in Foshan First People’s Hospital. Methods HIV antibody was detected in 441 867 hospitalized patients from January 2006 to December 2012. Positive samples were sent to Foshan Municipal CDC for confirmation of HIV antibody test. T lymphocyte subsets count, TRUST, TPPA, HCV and related pathogens detection. Retrospective analysis of inpatient medical records. Results A total of 168 HIV / AIDS patients were detected in the screening test. The detection rate was 0.38 ‰ (168/441 867). The number of people infected by HIV / AIDS increased year by year and declined after 2010. The ratio of males to females was 2.43:1. The age distribution ranged from 20 to 39 years old (52.98%), with sexual transmission as the main route of transmission (79.17%) and 75 cases with opportunistic infections (44.64%): 31 cases of fungal infections %), Severe bacterial infection in 22 cases (13.10%), and tuberculosis in 12 cases (7.14%). A total of 17 patients died, the main cause of death was infection. Conclusions Since 2010, HIV infection in Foshan has started to improve. HIV antibody detection in hospitalized patients is an important way to detect HIV infection. Opportunistic infection is the main clinical feature and the cause of death. Clinicians must improve HIV infection Alertness of / AIDS.