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在灌区尤其在高水肥的西安市郊区,小麦倒伏严重地影响着小麦的高产稳产。为了解决小麦后期的倒伏问题,从1973年开始,便大面积推广了矮秆小麦即矮丰三、矮丰四和矮秆早的种植。 矮秆小麦能抗倒伏,这已为生产实践所证明。在灌区正常年份,一般可获得600斤以上的产量,最多可达1,000多斤。倒伏问题解决了,但是矮秆小麦几乎每年都有不同程度的青干发生。在同样的天气下,高秆小麦没有青干或青干甚微,而矮秆小麦青干严重,如1974年减产率达30％左右,所以青干问题就成为矮秆小麦进一步发挥增产潜力的主要障碍。 为了解决矮秆小麦的青干问题,我们从1975年5月下旬对行距同为7寸的矮丰和阿勃小麦进行了小气候对比观测和防御干热风的试验,并对郊区普遍进行了调查,初步摸清了矮秆小麦易青干的原因。
In irrigated areas, especially in suburbs of Xi’an, where water and fertilizer are high, wheat lodging severely affects the high and stable yield of wheat. In order to solve the problem of lodging in the late stage of wheat, since 1973, large-scale popularization of dwarf wheat namely Aphrodisiac, Aphrodisiac four and dwarf early planting. Dwarf wheat is resistant to lodging, as evidenced by production practices. In the normal year of the irrigation area, production of more than 600 kilograms can be generally obtained up to 1,000 kilos. The lodging problem has been solved, but the dwarf wheat has different degrees of dryness almost every year. In the same weather, the high-stalk wheat did not dry or dry little, while the dwarf wheat was severely dry and withered. For example, in 1974, the yield reduction rate was about 30%. Therefore, the problem of green stalk was further enhanced by increasing the yield potential of dwarf wheat The main obstacle. In order to solve the dry problem of dwarf wheat, we conducted a microclimate comparative observation and defensive dry-hot wind test on the same 7-inch Aven and wheat from the late May 1975 to the present and conducted a survey on the suburbs. Preliminary find out the reason why dwarf wheat is easy to dry.