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针对制约波转子性能的泄漏问题,通过提取波转子中与泄漏相关的主要流动现象并建立波转子单通道泄漏模型,对非定常泄漏流动机制进行了详细的数值研究,对本文给出的非定常泄漏损失预测模型进行了数值验证。结果表明:转子通道中存在不同程度的压力波动,波动幅值与间隙宽度有关;连续反射膨胀波、周期性出现的弓形激波及其反射激波是压力波动的根本原因;间隙内部泄漏过程存在3个主要的流动阶段;泄漏过程中通道激波传播速度不变、波后时均压力不变;在一定间隙宽度范围内,激波马赫数、激波静增压比与无量纲间隙宽度均呈线性关系,当间隙宽度从0增大到0.08时,激波马赫数衰减7.3%,激波静增压比衰减10.1%;泄漏流动通过泄漏产生的主膨胀波对激波传播过程施加影响,通道激波衰减本质上是理想激波与主膨胀波叠加效应的结果;泄漏损失预测模型与数值结果吻合良好。
Aiming at the problem of leakage that restricts the rotor performance, the unsteady leakage flow mechanism is studied numerically by extracting the main leakage phenomena in the rotor and establishing the single-channel leakage model of the rotor. In this paper, The leakage loss prediction model is verified by numerical methods. The results show that there are different degrees of pressure fluctuation in the rotor channel, and the amplitude of the fluctuation is related to the width of the gap. The periodic reflection wave, the periodic shock wave and the reflected shock wave are the root causes of pressure fluctuation. The main flow stages are as follows: the propagation velocity of the channel shock wave is constant during the leakage process, and the mean pressure after the wave is constant; and within a certain gap width, the Mach number, the static pressure ratio and the dimensionless gap width When the width of the gap increases from 0 to 0.08, the Mach number of the shock wave declines 7.3% and the static pressure ratio of the shock wave decay 10.1%. The main expansion wave caused by leakage flow affects the propagation of the shock wave, and the channel The shock attenuation is essentially the result of the superposition of the ideal shock and the main expansion wave. The prediction model of leakage loss agrees well with the numerical results.