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目前已有大量研究证实肾脏中干/祖细胞的存在,成为损伤后细胞修复新的研究方向。虽然诸多研究证实了成体肾脏干/祖细胞通过增殖和(或)旁分泌作用保护肾脏损伤,但是对于成体肾脏中是否真实存在促进肾脏发育和再生的干/祖细胞,学术界仍存在大量争议。成体肾脏包囊和肾小管中CD133和CD24双阳性细胞被认为是成体肾脏干/祖细胞的特异性标记分子,为肾脏细胞损伤后再生提供了可能性。自体肾脏干细胞的体外培养可能会成为慢性肾脏病尤其是终末期肾病一种有前景的治疗手段。
At present, a large number of studies have confirmed the existence of stem / progenitor cells in the kidney and become a new research direction of cell repair after injury. Although many studies have demonstrated that adult renal stem / progenitor cells protect kidney damage through proliferation and / or paracrine, there is still much controversy in the academic community whether there is a real presence of stem / progenitor cells in adult kidneys that promote kidney development and regeneration. CD133 and CD24 double positive cells in the cystic and renal tubules of adult kidneys are considered as specific marker molecules of adult kidney stem / progenitor cells, which provides the possibility of regenerating kidney cells after injury. In vitro culture of autologous kidney stem cells may be a promising treatment for chronic kidney disease, especially end-stage renal disease.