对文学不是意识形态的“考论”的考论

• 作 者: 钱中文
• 机 构: 中国社会科学院文学研究所,
• 出 处: 文艺研究
• 发表日期: 2007年02期
• 关键词: 马克思主义 意识形态 文学本质

如果讨论马克思主义文学本质观念,意识形态是一个很难避开的维度。有的学者为了驳斥“文学审美意识形态论”,硬把审美与意识形态拆了开来,考论出“马克思本人从来就没有直接或间接地说过文学是某种‘意识形态’”,否定了文学是意识形态。但是从他们所做的考论来看,这是一种完全离开了马、恩文本的自由“考论”:一是仍然使用上世纪80年代前的那种“凡是”的思想方法;二是对有利于自己观点的马、恩论述就引用,不利于自己的就视而不见;三是将马克思《〈政治经济学批判〉序言》中的一段著名论述的中译文与展示于我们的三种外语的引文都理解错了,把诸种意识形态形式,概括为一个“意识形态的形式”,一个“总体性概括”,消解了意识形态自身的具体性与丰富性。 If we discuss the essence of Marxist literature, ideology is a very difficult to avoid. In order to disprove the theory of “literary aesthetic ideology,” some scholars have tried hard to dismantle the aesthetic and ideological aspects, and have argued that “Marx himself has never directly or indirectly said that literature is some kind of” ideology. “ Literature is the ideology. However, from the examination they have made, this is a free ”test“ of completely leaving the texts of horses and novels. First, they still use the ”common“ thinking methods of the 1980s; secondly, On the benefit of their point of view of horses, grace exposition reference, is not conducive to their own blindness; Third, the Marxist ”