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目的了解四川省黑热病流行动态和防治现状,为全省制定防治对策提供依据。方法由省负责指导各流行县防治措施实施与患者诊治,每年收集、整理临床病历记录和疫情报告病例。结果全省2004～2008年发病284例。流行区178例,以九寨沟县居多,占发病的62.92%,经采取灭犬措施后,年发病数下降;黑水和茂县随着饲养犬只的增加,发病呈上升和扩散态势。非流行区106例,均为在省内外疫区居留感染发病。检出外省患者21例,在四川省疫区感染4例。结论九寨沟县在采取灭犬措施后的第2年,年发病数逐渐下降。未采取灭犬措施的黑水和茂县年发病数仍在高位徘徊。各疫区应继续采取及时诊治患者、犬只管理和灭蛉措施;加强健康教育,开展联防,尽快控制黑热病的流行。
Objective To understand the epidemic situation and prevention and cure of kala-azar in Sichuan Province and provide basis for the prevention and treatment measures in this province. Methods The province is responsible for directing the implementation of prevention and treatment measures in all endemic counties and the diagnosis and treatment of patients. Each year, clinical records and epidemiological reports are collected and collated. Results 284 cases of the province from 2004 to 2008. In Jiuzhaigou County, 178 cases were endemic, accounting for 62.92% of the total. After taking the dog-killing measures, the annual incidence decreased. In Heishui and Maoxian counties, the incidence increased and spread as the number of dogs raised. 106 cases of non-endemic areas, both in the province and outside the epidemic of resident infection. Twenty-one cases were detected in other provinces and 4 cases were infected in Sichuan Province. Conclusions In the second year after Jiuzhaigou County took out dog-killing measures, the annual incidence decreased gradually. Blackwater and Maoxian County, which did not take measures to kill dogs, remained at a high level in annual incidence. The epidemic areas should continue to take timely diagnosis and treatment of patients, dog management and outbreak measures; strengthen health education, carry out joint defense and control as soon as possible the prevalence of kala-azar.