论文部分内容阅读
原子能工业的重要原料——铀,以其神奇的威力名扬四海、倍受人们宠爱。然而,今天的佼佼者,昔日还有一部漫长的“冷落”史呢。艰难出世早在1789年,德国矿物化学分析家克拉普罗特在实验中析出一种黄色沉淀,他认为这种黄色沉淀是一种新元素的“氧化物”。将其与碳放在一起加热到很高温度后,最后得到了一种金属态的黑色物质。克拉普罗特认为这是一种新元素,起名为“乌拉尼特”(Uranit),以纪念1781年在太阳系中发现的天王星(Uranus)。次年,又将“乌拉尼特”易名为铀(Uranium)。 “新元素”的发现,引起了许多化学家的兴趣,不少人对它进行了研究。其中少数人对“新元素”表示过怀疑,但实验后得到的最终产品仍然是“乌拉尼特”。就连克拉普罗特直至与世长辞(1817年),也仍确信不疑自己分离出了铀元素。事实果真如此吗?
The uranium, which is an important raw material for the atomic energy industry, is famous for its magical power. However, today’s leaders have also had a long history of “cold” in the past. Difficult to develop As early as 1789, German mineral chemistry analyst Klaprote precipitated a yellow precipitate in the experiment. He thought that this yellow precipitate was a new oxide element. After heating it with carbon to a very high temperature, a metallic black material is finally obtained. Kraptrot thinks this is a new element, called Uranit, to commemorate Uranus discovered in the Solar System in 1781. The following year, Uranite was renamed Uranium. The discovery of “new elements” has attracted the interest of many chemists and many people have studied it. A few of them expressed suspicions about the “new element,” but the final product obtained after the experiment was still “Ulanity.” Even Kraptot, until his death in the world (1817), was still convinced that he had separated his uranium elements. Is this true?