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选择三江平原不同水分带上的小叶樟湿地为研究对象,对比研究了不同类型土壤(草甸沼泽土和腐殖质沼泽土)中各形态氮在不同时期的剖面分布特征。结果表明,草甸沼泽土和腐殖质沼泽土的剖面特征以及不同时期各形态氮的垂直分布特征均存在不同程度差异,二者全氮、有机氮和碱解氮的垂直分布特征主要受制于土壤有机质的分布,硝态氮和铵态氮主要与不同时期土壤水分条件差异及其引起的不同质地土层硝态氮的垂直淋失和对铵态氮的吸附程度有关;两种土壤的各形态氮在不同时期均存在较高的垂直变异性,原因主要与上下层土壤影响氮分布的主导因素差异有关;两种土壤的氮储量及其分布状况存在较大差异,前者0～80cm土层的氮储量(1.94kgm-2)明显高于后者(1.38kgm-2),前者的氮储量主要集中于0～40cm土层(1.06kgm-2,占76.36%),后者则主要集中于0～30cm土层(1.15kgm-2,占59.10%)。
In this study, we selected leaf-campanulata wetlands in different water zones of the Sanjiang Plain as study objects, and compared the distribution of each form of nitrogen in different types of soil (meadow swamp soil and humus swamp soil) at different periods. The results showed that both the profile characteristics of meadow swamp soil and humus swamp soil and the vertical distribution characteristics of different forms of nitrogen varied with different degrees. The vertical distribution characteristics of total nitrogen, organic nitrogen and available nitrogen were mainly affected by soil organic matter The distributions of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen were mainly related to the differences in soil moisture conditions and the vertical leaching of nitrate nitrogen and the adsorption of ammonium nitrogen in different soil layers in different ages. There were high vertical variability in different periods, which was mainly due to the difference of dominant factors influencing the distribution of nitrogen in the upper and lower layers. There was a big difference in nitrogen storage and distribution between the two kinds of soil. The former nitrogen (1.94kgm-2) was significantly higher than the latter (1.38kgm-2). The former mainly concentrated in 0-40cm soil layer (1.06kgm-2, accounting for 76.36%) while the latter mainly concentrated in 0 ~ 30cm soil layer (1.15kgm-2, accounting for 59.10%).