浅析田径运动员焦虑情绪产生的原因及调控

• 作 者: 朱静华 丛林
• 机 构: 北京建筑工程学院,
• 出 处: 田径
• 发表日期: 2004年期
• 关键词: 焦虑情绪 田径运动员 生物力学因素 运动员心理 特质焦虑 焦虑水平 状态焦虑 运动成绩 心理活动 失败感

在田径竞赛中,运动成绩既取决于运动员,的体力、运动能力和运动技术的优劣,也取决于运动员心理素质。美国学者格鲁波早在1984年就曾指出,初、中级运动员心理因素对技能影响占20%,生物力学因素占80%;而优秀运动员正好相反,心理因素影响占80%,生物力学因素占20%。可见,在高水平比赛中心理因素起着决定性作用。大量的科学研究证明,运动员的焦虑情绪将直接影响水平的发挥,只有加以有效的调控,才能在比赛中取得优异的成绩。

In track and field competition, sports performance depends on athletes, physical strength, athletic ability and the merits of sports techniques, but also depends on the psychological quality of athletes. As early as 1984, the American scholar Gelupo pointed out that psychological factors of junior and middle-class athletes accounted for 20% of the total skills and biomechanical factors accounted for 80% of the total. Good athletes contrasted with 80% of psychological factors and biomechanical factors 20%. Can be seen in the high level of psychological factors play a decisive role. A large number of scientific studies have proved that the anxiety of athletes will directly affect the level of play, and only effective regulation and control in order to achieve excellent results in the competition.