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目的获得高山红景天同源四倍体无性体系。方法秋水仙素诱导种子加倍,通过多次组培再生进行嵌合体分离,采用气孔大小与密度测量、染色体计数和流式细胞学分析进行倍性鉴定。结果秋水仙素质量分数与处理时间对种子萌发率、幼苗死亡率及诱变率均有十分明显的影响,0.2%秋水仙素处理露白种子72 h的萌发率、幼苗死亡率及诱变率分别为18.2%、73.6%、68.7%;倍性变异植株气孔明显增大,气孔密度变小;正常二倍体染色体数目为2n=2x=26,四倍体染色体数为2n=4x=52,发现非整倍体的存在;倍性变异植株经3次再生纯化后获得纯合四倍体无性系,流式细胞学检测无嵌合体存在。结论秋水仙素处理高山红景天种子获得同源四倍体具有可行性。
Objective To obtain asexual tetraploid asexual system of Rhodiola sachalinensis. Methods Colchicine induced doubling of seeds and chimerism was isolated through multiple tissue culture regeneration. Ploidy identification was performed by stomatal size and density measurement, chromosome counts and flow cytometry analysis. Results Colchicine quality fraction and treatment time had significant effects on seed germination rate, seedling mortality and mutagenesis rate. The germination rate, seedling mortality rate and mutagenesis rate of seed treated with 0.2% colchicine for 72 h were respectively Which was 18.2%, 73.6% and 68.7% respectively. The stomatal density of ploidy plants was significantly increased and the stomatal density was decreased. The number of normal diploid chromosomes was 2n = 2x = 26 and the number of tetraploid chromosomes was 2n = 4x = 52. Aneuploidy. The ploidy plants were homozygous tetraploid clones after three regeneration and purification, and no chimeras were detected by flow cytometry. Conclusion colchicine treatment of Rhodiola sachaline access to autotetraploid is feasible.