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目的了解中俄西部边境(中国内蒙古满洲里—俄罗斯后贝加尔斯克)地区鼠类及其携带蚤类情况,为进一步掌握鼠疫宿主动物和媒介的演变规律提供数据。方法 2008—2012年,每年8、9月对满洲里和后贝加尔斯克地区采用夹日法和夹夜法捕鼠,对捕获的各种鼠类进行疏蚤,对鼠类及其携带的蚤分类鉴定,并进行病原检测。结果中方满洲里地区捕获鼠类249只,经鉴定隶属于2目6科8属8种,蚤类3科8属13种。优势鼠种为达乌尔黄鼠,优势蚤类为方形黄鼠蚤、光亮额蚤。达乌尔黄鼠的染蚤率(98.46%)及染蚤指数(12.66)最高,其次是五趾跳鼠(12.50、90.00%)。俄方后贝加尔斯克地区捕获鼠类324只,经鉴定隶属于2目6科8属9种,蚤类3科11属13种。优势鼠种为达乌尔黄鼠。优势蚤类为方形黄鼠蚤、光亮额蚤。达乌尔黄鼠的染蚤指数最高(5.86),其次是黑线仓鼠(2.05)。五趾跳鼠的染蚤率最高(100%),其次是达乌尔黄鼠(71.43%)。结论中俄满洲里—后贝加尔斯克地区鼠类及携带蚤类构成不同,鼠类染蚤指数及染蚤率均有所不同,中俄双方鼠类中存在汉坦病毒感染。
Objective To understand the situation of rodents and their fleas in the western border of China and Russia (Manchuria, Inner Mongolia, China and Begazark, Russia) in order to provide further data for the evolution of plague host animals and vectors. Methods 2008 and 2012, August and September each year in Manchuria and Bacardi region using the folder method and the method of catching the night, all kinds of captured mice were fleas, the rodents and their flea classification identification , And pathogen detection. Results A total of 249 murine rodents were captured in Manchuria, China. Eight species, 8 genera, 6 orders, 2 orders, and 13 species, 8 families, 3 families, were identified. Dominant species of rats walrus daurian, predominant flea square square rat fleas, fleas bright amount. Daurian ground squirrels had the highest rate of flea infection (98.46%) and dyed flea index (12.66), followed by Pelargonium spp. (12.50,90.00%). There were 324 rodents caught in the Russian Beggalsk region. Nine species of 8 genera were identified in 2 orders, 6 families and 13 species in 11 genera of 3 families. The dominant species is dauricus. Dominant fleas square square rat fleas, bright fleas. Daurian ground squirrels had the highest dyed flea index (5.86), followed by black hamsters (2.05). Daphnia maggot had the highest rate of flea infection (100%), followed by Daurian ground squirrel (71.43%). Conclusions The structures of rodents and fleas in Manchuria-Beibn-Kalsk region of China and Russia are different. The index of stained flea and the rate of stained flea are different in both China and Russia. Hantavirus infection exists in both China and Russia.