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目的调查分析广州市2009年5月～7月输入性甲型H1N1流感病例的流行病学特征,探讨发病特点,评估防控措施,为预防和控制甲型H1N1流感提供参考。方法采用病例个案调查结合口岸检疫情况调查的方法。结果广州市2009年5月18日确诊首例甲型H1N1流感病例为输入性病例。5月～7月共报告甲型H1N1确诊病例173例,其中输入性病例76例(43.9%)。输入性病例中男性45例,女性31例。年龄为6个月～71岁,平均23.4岁,中位数为21岁,29岁以下占72.4%。病例来自16个国家和地区,其中美国21例(27.6%)、澳大利亚16例(21.1%)。入境交通工具为飞机54例(71.1%)、火车15例(19.7%)。有72.4%(55/76)是出入境检验检疫发现;23.7%(18/76)自行就诊时发现。输入性病例中有46例为散发病例,输入性暴发疫情14起,涉及30例。79.2%(42/53)的病例病前7 d内到过疫区或来自疫区。临床表现以发热(≥37.3℃)(94.3%)、咳嗽(58.5%)、咽痛(49.1%)为主,11.3%的病例出现腹痛、腹泻、腹胀、恶心、呕吐等消化道症状。同期广州市各口岸共查验入境人数816 431人,其中84.4%的人来自甲型H1N1流感发生国家和地区,共检出964人(0.1%)发热(≥37.3℃)并全部送医院诊治,286人留验,101 834人送往指定的医学观察点留观。结论广州市2009年首例甲型H1N1流感病例为输入性病例;输入性病例流行形式以散发为主,临床症状较轻,以呼吸道症状为主,少数有消化道症状;输入性病例中超过半数由出入境检疫发现。
Objective To investigate and analyze the epidemiological characteristics of enteric influenza A (H1N1) in Guangzhou from May to July in 2009, to explore the characteristics of the disease, evaluate the prevention and control measures, and provide reference for the prevention and control of influenza A (H1N1). Methods The method of case investigation and port quarantine survey was used. Results Guangzhou City, May 18, 2009 confirmed the first case of Influenza A H1N1 influenza cases of imported cases. A total of 173 confirmed H1N1 cases were reported from May to July, of which 76 (43.9%) were imported. In the input cases, 45 males and 31 females. The age ranged from 6 months to 71 years with an average of 23.4 years with a median of 21 years and 72 years under 29 years. The cases came from 16 countries and regions, including 21 cases (27.6%) in the United States and 16 cases (21.1%) in Australia. Inbound vehicles were 54 (71.1%) for aircraft and 15 (19.7%) for trains. 72.4% (55/76) were found by inspection and quarantine; 23.7% (18/76) were found by self-treatment. 46 cases of imported cases were sporadic cases, 14 cases of imported outbreaks, involving 30 cases. 79.2% (42/53) of the cases had been infected or were from the epidemic area within 7 days before disease. The main clinical manifestations were fever (≥37.3 ℃) (94.3%), cough (58.5%) and sore throat (49.1%), with gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, abdominal distension, nausea and vomiting in 11.3% of cases. During the same period, a total of 816,431 people were interviewed at various ports in Guangzhou. Among them, 84.4% of them came from countries and regions where the H1N1 flu was reported. A total of 964 (0.1%) fever (≥37.3 ℃) were detected and sent to hospitals for treatment and treatment. 286 Persons for medical examination, 101 834 people sent to the designated medical observation point to observe. Conclusion The first case of imported H1N1 influenza in Guangzhou was imported in 2009. The prevalence of imported cases was mainly distributed with less clinical symptoms, with respiratory symptoms as the main symptom and a few with gastrointestinal symptoms. More than half of the imported cases Exit quarantine found.