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目的分析1978-2014年果洛藏族自治州鼠疫流行态势,为制定预防控制对策提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对1978-2014年青海省果洛州的鼠疫监测报告、鼠疫自然疫源地调查资料和人间鼠疫病例数据库的数据进行分析。结果 1978-2014年青海省果洛州共分离鼠疫菌14株。动物鼠疫的流行季节为7~10月,流行地区主要在玛多县、玛沁县;果洛州人间鼠疫共发生8起,发病22例,死亡12例,病死率为54.6%,病例中以肺型居多,占59.1%(13/22)。人间鼠疫疫情发生在旱獭鼠疫流行高峰期和藏系绵羊鼠疫滞后期。结论果洛州鼠疫流行形势严峻,应采取综合性防治对策,做好疫情预报预测,严防人间鼠疫流行。
Objective To analyze the epidemic situation of plague in 1978-2014 in Guoluo Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture and provide a scientific basis for making prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the plague surveillance data, the plague natural foci and the human plague case database from 1978 to 2014 in Guoluo, Qinghai Province. Results From 1978 to 2014, 14 strains of Y. pestis were isolated in Guoluo, Qinghai Province. The epidemic season of animal plague is from July to October, and epidemic areas are mainly in Maduo County and Maqin County; there are 8 human plague cases in Guoluo County, of which 22 cases were found and 12 died, the case fatality rate was 54.6% Most of the lungs, accounting for 59.1% (13/22). Human plague epidemics occur at the peak of marmot plague epidemic and Tibetan sheep plague lag phase. Conclusion The prevalence of plague in Guoluozhou is very serious. Comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken to forecast the epidemic situation and prevent the epidemic of human plague.