论文部分内容阅读
炼油、化工生产中存在着高温,高压氢或氢、氮、氨介质对钢材的侵蚀问题;如炼油的加氢装置,化肥的合成氨过程都需在数十至数百个大气压,400～500℃温度下操作。承受这样高温、高压的反应设备,其操作条件是十分严苛的,对设备用钢在长期操作后的安全性必须十分重视。最近几年相继发生了氨合成塔外壳爆炸及层板高压容器破裂事故。分析其原因,主要是由于外壳(高压壳体)超温,高温、高压的氢造成了筒体钢板及焊缝的严重氢腐蚀,致使材料韧性下
Oil refining, chemical production, there are high temperature, high pressure hydrogen or hydrogen, nitrogen, ammonia media on the erosion of steel; such as refining hydrogenation unit, ammonia fertilizer process needs to be in the tens to hundreds of atmospheric pressure, 400 ~ 500 ℃ Temperature operation. To withstand such high temperature, high pressure reaction equipment, the operating conditions are very harsh, the safety of equipment steel after long-term operation must attach great importance. In recent years, ammonia shell explosion occurred in succession and the rupture of lamina high pressure vessel. Analysis of the reasons, mainly due to the shell (high pressure shell) over-temperature, high temperature, high pressure hydrogen cylinder and weld caused serious hydrogen corrosion, resulting in material toughness