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美国国家海洋大气局西稚图有害物质反应研究所仅在1986年财政年度内就参与了75起化学品泄漏和95起溢油事故的应急活动。他们在处理溢油事故方面经验尤为丰富。笔者在那里学习期间,通过他们的讲述和到溢油现场实践初步了解到美国目前对溢油反应的基本措施。本文着重介绍溢油应急对策包括初期反应,清除活动和处理方法等,后半部分结合有关参考资料叙述了溢油清除费用及其分析。
In 1993, the Institute for the Study of Hazardous Substances of West Chiatu of the United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration participated in the emergency response activities of 75 chemical spills and 95 oil spills only in the fiscal year of 1986. They are particularly experienced in handling oil spills. During my study there, I learned a preliminary summary of the current U.S. response to oil spills through their narration and oil spill practice. This article focuses on emergency response measures, including oil spill response, removal activities and treatment methods, the latter part of the relevant reference describes the cost of oil removal and its analysis.