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目的建立慢性酒精中毒性肌病的动物模型。方法雄性SD大鼠80只,随机分为两组,实验组65只,对照组15只。实验组给予酒精灌胃,使大鼠摄入的蛋白:脂肪:碳水化合物:酒精(能量比)=18:35:11:36,此比例与国外Lieber-Decarli液体饲料中各成分能量比相同;对照组用含与酒精相等能量的蔗糖灌胃,两组大鼠均喂饲改良的全营养高脂饲料。10周后,将大鼠后肢肌活检组织分别进行称重、组织形态学和肌肉超微结构的观察,并检测肌肉总蛋白和总DNA含量。结果与对照组相比,实验组大鼠肌肉出现了典型的病理改变,肌纤维明显萎缩,尤以Ⅱ型肌纤维为著;在横切面上萎缩的肌纤维呈三角形、条形或不规则形,少数肌纤维坏死,肌间结缔组织增生。实验组与对照组比较,大鼠体重、以Ⅱ型肌纤维为主的肌肉(跖肌)重量、肌肉总蛋白含量和总DNA含量均显著减少(P<0．05), 而以I型肌纤维为主的肌肉的上述指标却无明显差异(P>0．05)。结论用酒精给大鼠灌胃并辅以改良的全营养高脂饲料可以建立理想的慢性酒精中毒性肌病模型,为此病的进一步研究提供了平台。
Objective To establish an animal model of chronic alcoholic myopathy. Methods Eighty male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups: experimental group (n = 65) and control group (n = 15). The experimental group was given alcohol gavage, so that rats ingested protein: fat: carbohydrates: alcohol (energy ratio) = 18:35:11:36, this ratio with foreign Lieber-Decarli liquid feed ingredients in the same energy ratio; The control group was orally administered with sucrose containing the same energy as that of alcohol, and both groups of rats were fed a modified whole nutrition high-fat diet. Ten weeks later, the hindlimb muscle biopsy tissues of rats were respectively weighed, histomorphology and muscle ultrastructure were observed, and the total muscle protein and total DNA were detected. Results Compared with the control group, there was a typical pathological change in the muscle of the experimental group. Muscle fibers obviously atrophied, especially in the type Ⅱ muscle fibers. The myofibers atrophied in the transverse plane showed a triangular shape, a strip shape or an irregular shape. A few myofibers Necrosis, interstitial connective tissue hyperplasia. Compared with the control group, the body weight, muscle fiber (plantar muscle) weight, total muscle protein content and total DNA content of the rats in the experimental group and the control group were significantly decreased (P <0.05) The main muscle of the above indicators there was no significant difference (P> 0.05). Conclusion The intragastric administration of alcohol to rats and the improvement of whole nutrition and high fat diet can establish an ideal model of chronic alcoholism myopathy and provide a platform for further study of this disease.