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目的:探索一种快速建立颈动脉粥样硬化动物模型的有效方法。方法:将30只雄性日本大耳白兔随机分为3组,分别给予正常饲料喂养、单纯脂肪乳剂ig和脂肪乳剂ig加氮气损伤(脂肪乳剂按胆固醇∶猪油∶蛋黄粉1∶5∶4配制;同时历时5 min,150 mL.min-1氮气流损伤血管内皮)。于实验第4周和第8周,检测动物血脂含量并观察颈动脉病理变化特征。结果:脂肪乳剂手术组大耳白兔4周时已经形成高脂血症,血清总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)含量分别达(17.55±5.36),(13.68±2.67)mmol.L-1较空白组显著升高(P<0.01),内膜轻度增厚呈现动脉粥样硬化早期改变;8周时TC,LDL-C含量进一步升高分别达(21.13±3.59),(15.18±3.29)mmol.L-1,内膜明显增厚可见大量泡沫细胞及脂质沉积。而上述病理改变未见于空白组、脂肪乳剂组和脂肪乳剂手术组对侧的颈动脉。结论:脂肪乳剂加氮气损伤能有效的建立兔颈动脉粥样硬化模型。
Objective: To explore an effective method for rapidly establishing animal model of carotid atherosclerosis. Methods: Thirty male Japanese white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups and fed with normal diet, simple ig and ig plus nitrogen (lipid emulsion: cholesterol: lard: egg yolk 1: 5: 4 Preparation; at the same time lasted 5 min, 150 mL.min-1 nitrogen flow injury vascular endothelial). At the 4th week and the 8th week of the experiment, the blood lipid levels of the animals were measured and the pathological changes of the carotid artery were observed. Results: After 4 weeks of operation, the rabbits in the fat emulsion group had formed hyperlipidemia, the contents of total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were 17.55 ± 5.36 and 13.68 ± 2.67 ) mmol.L-1 was significantly higher than that of the blank group (P <0.01), mild intimal hyperplasia showed early atherosclerosis changes; at 8 weeks, the contents of TC and LDL-C increased further (21.13 ± 3.59 ), (15.18 ± 3.29) mmol.L-1, significant thickening of the intima revealed a large number of foam cells and lipid deposition. The pathological changes were not found in the blank group, fat emulsion group and fat emulsion surgery group contralateral carotid artery. Conclusion: Lipid emulsion plus nitrogen injury can effectively establish rabbit carotid atherosclerosis model.