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目的调查博物馆文物库房空气微生物的种类和数量,了解文物库房工作环境的空气微生物污染状况,以便为维护人员健康和加强环境控制提供参考依据。方法利用空气采样器对重庆中国三峡博物馆9个文物库房进行空气微生物采样,利用纯培养的方法对空气微生物进行数量检测,利用细菌16Sr DNA序列分析和真菌ITS基因序列分析对分离菌株进行种属鉴定。结果空气微生物总数在不同楼层的文物库房中无显著性差异,采样点最高检出值为180 CFU/m3。细菌主要种属为微球菌属(53%)、假单胞菌属(32%);真菌主要种属为曲霉属(70%)和青霉属(13%)。结论该博物馆文物库房空气中微生物数量符合我国《室内空气质量标准》的要求,且种类均为常见空气微生物,正常条件下对库房工作人员致病的可能性较小。
Objective To investigate the types and quantities of airborne microorganisms in the museum cultural relics warehouse and to understand the airborne microbial contamination in the working environment of the cultural relics storehouses in order to provide a reference for safeguarding the health of personnel and strengthening the environmental control. Methods Air samples were collected from nine cultural relics warehouses in Chongqing Three Gorges Museum using air sampler. The number of airborne microorganisms was detected by pure culture method. The bacterial isolates were identified by bacterial 16Sr DNA sequence analysis and fungal ITS gene sequence analysis . Results There was no significant difference in the total number of airborne microbes in the cultural relics warehouse on different floors. The highest sampling point was 180 CFU / m3. The main bacterial species were Micrococcus (53%) and Pseudomonas (32%). The main fungi were Aspergillus (70%) and Penicillium (13%). Conclusion The number of microbes in the air of the cultural relics warehouse accords with the requirement of “indoor air quality standard” in our country. The types are all common air microorganisms, and it is less likely to cause disease to the warehouse staff under normal conditions.