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目的探讨用于六氟化硫(SF6)分解产物的皮肤防护物对豚鼠皮肤的致敏作用。方法选用体重200~300g普通级Dunkin Hartley雄性豚鼠,以葡萄糖酸钙(<5%)+碳酸氢钠(<0.5%)混合物为皮肤防护物,以无菌蒸馏水为阴性对照,肉桂醛为阳性对照,采用局部封闭涂皮试验(BT法)和豚鼠最大值试验(GPMT)方法,于实验第1天分别对豚鼠皮肤封闭涂敷和皮内注射各组溶液进行诱导接触,BT法豚鼠在第7、14天进行同样皮肤封闭涂敷诱导,GPMT法豚鼠于第7天采用局部封闭涂皮进行诱导接触,均在末次诱导致敏后第14天进行皮肤涂敷激发接触,观察激发接触后24、48、72h的皮肤过敏反应情况。结果皮肤防护物BT法检测致敏率为10.00%,GPMT法检测致敏率为9.09%,致敏阳性反应的豚鼠皮肤可见散在或小块红斑;肉桂醛BT法致敏率为50.00%,GPMT法致敏率为100.00%,致敏阳性反应的豚鼠皮肤可见中度至重度的融合红斑、轻中度水肿;蒸馏水组豚鼠皮肤无致敏阳性反应,皮肤表现与正常皮肤基本一致。结论葡萄糖酸钙(<5%)+碳酸氢钠(<0.5%)混合物作为SF6分解产物的皮肤防护物,可使豚鼠皮肤发生轻微的过敏性反应,为轻度致敏物。
Objective To investigate the skin sensitization of guinea pig skin caused by skin protection agent used in the decomposition of sulfur hexafluoride (SF6). Methods Dunkin Hartley male guinea pigs weighing 200-300 g were used as skin protective agent with calcium gluconate (<5%) + sodium bicarbonate (<0.5%) as the skin protection. Sterile distilled water was used as the negative control and cinnamaldehyde was used as the positive control (BT method) and guinea pig maximal test (GPMT) were used to induce skin contact in guinea pigs and intradermal injection on the first day of the experiment. , 14 days for the same skin seal coat induction, GPMT method of guinea pigs on the 7th day by local closed coating for induction contact, were in the last induction of sensitization 14 days after the skin coating excitation contact was observed after 24, 48, 72h skin allergic reaction. Results The sensitization rate of skin protection was 10.00% by BT method and 9.09% by GPMT method. The skin sensitization of guinea pigs with positive sensitization was scattered or small erythema. The sensitization rate of cinnamaldehyde BT was 50.00%, GPMT The sensitization rate was 100.00%. The guinea pigs with positive sensitization showed moderate to severe erythema and mild to moderate edema. The skin of guinea pigs in distilled water group showed no sensitization, and the skin showed the same with normal skin. Conclusion Calcium gluconate (<5%) + sodium bicarbonate (<0.5%) as skin protectant of SF6 decomposition products can cause slight allergic reaction on guinea pig skin, which is mild sensitizer.