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目的了解韶关地区无偿献血人群丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)的感染情况,选择低危献血人群,保证临床输血安全。方法选择2008-2012年韶关地区献血者139 094份血标本,采用ELISA法进行丙型肝炎病毒抗体(抗-HCV)检测。结果韶关地区无偿献血人群5年抗-HCV阳性平均率0.23%(315/139 094),2008-2012年抗-HCV阳性率分别为0.14%、0.21%、0.31%、0.21%、0.24%差异有统计学意义(χ2=15.835,P=0.003)。男性抗-HCV阳性率为0.22%,女性阳性率为0.25%,两者差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.109,P=0.290)。18~55岁分4个年龄段抗-HCV阳性率分别为0.28%、0.15%、0.25%、0.24%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=16.058,P=0.001)。不同职业献血人群抗-HCV阳性率最高为军人0.34%,最低为公务员0.10%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=18.149,P=0.011)。不同血型献血者抗-HCV阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ2=3.203,P=0.361)。献血次数与抗-HCV阳性率有明显差异,初次献血阳性率为0.49%,献血2~4次阳性率为0.12%,献血5次及以上者阳性率为0.02%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=15.835,P=0.001)。结论固定多次无偿献血者和公务员、医务人员、教师、学生等是安全献血的低危人群,应作为主要选择对象。
Objective To understand the status of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in blood donors in Shaoguan area and to select the low-risk blood donors to ensure the safety of clinical transfusion. Methods A total of 139 094 blood samples of blood donors from Shaoguan area from 2008 to 2012 were collected for detection of hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) by ELISA. Results The average positive rates of anti-HCV in non-compensation blood donors in Shaoguan were 0.23% (315/139 094) in 5 years. The positive rates of anti-HCV in 2008-2012 were 0.14%, 0.21%, 0.31%, 0.21% and 0.24% Statistical significance (χ2 = 15.835, P = 0.003). The positive rate of anti-HCV in males was 0.22%, and the positive rate in females was 0.25%. There was no significant difference between them (χ2 = 1.109, P = 0.290). The positive rates of anti-HCV in 18-55 age groups were 0.28%, 0.15%, 0.25% and 0.24% respectively, with significant difference (χ2 = 16.058, P = 0.001). The highest positive rate of anti-HCV in blood donors of different occupations was 0.34% for military personnel and 0.10% for civil servants, with a statistically significant difference (χ2 = 18.149, P = 0.011). There was no significant difference in anti-HCV positive rate among different blood group donors (χ2 = 3.203, P = 0.361). The frequency of blood donation was significantly different from that of anti-HCV, the positive rate of initial blood donation was 0.49%, the positive rate of blood donation 2-4 times was 0.12%, the positive rate of blood donation 5 times or more was 0.02%, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 15.835, P = 0.001). Conclusions Fixed multiple non-remunerated blood donors and civil servants, medical staff, teachers and students are the low risk groups for safe blood donation, and should be the main choice target.