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鉴于传统模型试验对竖井内旋转水流的流速测量难度较大,采用Realizableκ-ε双方程紊流模型,并结合VOF法,对某一超高水头大泄量竖井旋流泄洪洞进行数值模拟,对比分析了水流流态、空腔直径、井壁压强及旋流角等水力要素的模型试验和数值模拟结果,在此基础上,计算了不同断面的能量大小,获得了竖井旋流泄洪洞各部位的消能形式及消能率分布。结果表明,竖井起始部位主要消去旋转水流的切向动能,占总能量损失的6.19%;中间部位主要消去旋转水流的位能,占总能量损失的21.18%;下半部位利用环状水跃及水垫池消去旋转水流大部分的剩余能量,占总能量损失的58.69%。
In view of the fact that the traditional model test is difficult to measure the flow velocity of the swirling flow in the shaft, the Realizableκ-εtwo-equation turbulence model and the VOF method are used to simulate the swirling spillway tunnel with a very high head and large sunshine. Based on the model tests and numerical simulation results of hydraulic factors such as water flow, cavity diameter, borehole pressure and swirl angle, the energy of different cross sections was calculated and various parts of shaft spillway tunnel were obtained Energy dissipation form and energy dissipation rate distribution. The results show that the tangential kinetic energy of rotating shaft flow is mainly eliminated at the initial part of the shaft, accounting for 6.19% of the total energy loss. The middle part mainly eliminates the potential energy of the rotating water flow, accounting for 21.18% of the total energy loss. And water cushion pool to eliminate most of the remaining energy of the rotating water flow, accounting for 58.69% of the total energy loss.