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听力理解通常是各类考试中比较难以攻克的题型。在听力理解过程中人们主要靠耳朵来听和靠大脑进行解码和推理。听者不太可能辨认听力语篇中每一个话语的每一个因素或知道其中每一个词的意思,也不太可能细究每一个话语的句法结构。只要大脑中的相关图式与听力材料的输入信息匹配起来,听者便能较容易地理解这一听力材料。因此,较之阅读理解,听力理解中更适合引入图式理论的概念。本文在介绍图式理论的基础上讨论了将图式理论引入听力教学的可行性和必要性,以提高学生的听力理解水平。
Listening comprehension is usually more difficult to overcome various types of exam questions. In the process of listening comprehension, people mainly rely on their ears to listen and rely on the brain for decoding and reasoning. Hearings are less likely to identify every element of every discourse in the hearing discourse or know the meanings of each of these words, nor are they likely to scrutinize the syntactical structure of each discourse. As long as the relevant schema in the brain matches the input information of the hearing material, the listener can more easily understand the hearing material. Therefore, compared with reading comprehension, listening comprehension is more suitable to introduce the concept of schema theory. Based on the introduction of schema theory, this paper discusses the feasibility and necessity of schema theory in listening teaching, in order to improve students’ listening comprehension.