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目的筛选出节煤、热效高并满足防氟要求的炉灶向氟病区农户推广,引导病区农户自行选择正确炉具。方法通过流行病学调查选出典型的老式敞灶及广受欢迎的新型防氟炉灶进行节煤、上火时间、热功效和防氟效果测试。结果新型防氟炉灶比原来敞式炉灶平均一次用煤量节约用煤3.73 kg,节约用煤52.3%;新型防氟炉灶平均上火时间为13.67 min(4～26 min);新型炉灶平均热效率为20.98%,比敞式炉灶提高了近1倍。使用新型防氟炉灶室内空气氟化物含量均低于行业标准要求(0.007 mg/m3)。结论本次测试的新型防氟炉灶均节约用煤、上火快、炊事热效率高、防氟效果好,能满足防制燃煤型氟中毒的需要,适合在病区推广。
The purpose of screening out coal, high thermal efficiency and meet the requirements of fluoride-resistant stove to promote the promotion of farmers in fluoride ward, guide the ward farmers to choose the correct stove. Methods According to the epidemiological investigation, a typical old open stove and a new popular stove were chosen for coal saving, ignition time, thermal efficiency and anti-fouling test. Results Compared with the original open stove, the average coal consumption saved 3.73 kg of coal and 52.3% of coal, respectively. The average ignition time of the new stove was 13.67 minutes (4-26 minutes). The average heat efficiency of the new stove was 20.98%, almost double the open range stove. The fluoride content of indoor air with the new Fluoride-fired stoves was below the industry standard (0.007 mg / m3). Conclusion The new type of stove tested by this test saved coal, burns fast, high thermal efficiency of cooking, good effect of preventing fouling, and can meet the need of preventing fluorosis of coal-burning type, which is suitable for popularization in the ward.