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为了能够适应温度变化、地基不均匀沉降等原因引起的建构筑物的变形,需设置伸缩缝以便将建构筑物分为若干独立节。伸缩缝止水则是一个非常重要又容易被忽视的问题,伸缩缝一旦漏水则很难修复,往往带来巨大的经济损失。为防止伸缩缝漏水往往在其内设置止水带,止水带分金属类(紫铜类、不锈钢类)、橡胶类(天然橡胶、氯丁橡胶、三元乙丙橡胶)、塑料类(PVC类、塑料油膏类、聚氯乙烯胶泥类)、密封胶类(聚氯乙烯、氯丁、丁基、丙烯酸酯)、复合止水材料等多种,其中橡胶止水带由其耐寒耐老化、抗拉抗压性能强、耐酸耐碱等性能在工程防水渗漏、减震缓冲、紧固密封等处被广泛利用。目前国内已对橡胶止水带成品的拉伸强度、硬度、扯断伸长率等方面性能规定了标准,在施工中由于止水带是伸缩缝质量的关键环节,并且其一旦出现质量问题维修极为困难,因此,止水带施工质量是整个伸缩缝甚至整个工程施工质量的影响环节[1]。
In order to be able to adapt to the deformation of buildings and structures caused by temperature changes, uneven foundation settlement, etc., expansion joints need to be set up to divide the building into separate sections. Expansion joint sealing is a very important and easily overlooked issue. Expansion joints are difficult to repair once they leak, often resulting in huge economic losses. In order to prevent expansion joints from leaking, water-stopping belts are often installed in them. The water-stopping belts are classified into metal (copper, stainless steel), rubber (natural rubber, neoprene, EPDM), and plastics (PVC). , plastic ointment, polyvinyl chloride clay), sealant (PVC, neoprene, butyl, acrylate), composite water-stopping materials, etc., of which rubber water stop by its cold and anti-aging, Tensile and compressive performance, acid and alkali resistant properties are widely used in projects such as waterproof leakage, cushioning, fastening and sealing. At present, China has set standards for the performance of rubber water stop tapes in terms of tensile strength, hardness, elongation at break, etc. Because the water stop tape is a key link in the quality of expansion joints during construction, and once it has quality problems, it will be repaired. Extremely difficult, therefore, the construction quality of the water stop zone is the impact link of the entire expansion joint and even the entire construction quality [1].